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An acid-base buffer typically consists of a weak acid, and its conjugate base (salt) (see Equations 2-4 in the blue box, below). ���d�wY�/'պ0L�3��mς�X^�o���w���P���f?��jY��j�o�jR��v?˛��>d�;�.65&��OYo�Tȓ_;�#m~*h[�^u����Ev��4��%��g��+B�dl�!�a4���$��)��:�q|��}�6��k�@��Z�0�q�:��y �!�>���gZ���8����S0� f0����Eϋ@��6�A5�ѡwڶ���[��7��x �4��. %%EOF
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It takes only seconds for the chemical buffers in the blood to make adjustments to pH. 0000038853 00000 n
(1) (2) (3) Acid-base buffers confer resistance to a change in the pH of a solution when hydrogen ions (protons) or hydroxide ions are added or removed. %PDF-1.5
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physiological buffer (respiratory mechanism CO 2 excretion), renal mechanism (H+ excretion) act slowly and are the 2nd line of defense against pH shift. 10 26
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the buffer), some of the weak-acid component of the buffer will dissociate and turn into the conjugate base (which is the weak-base component of the buffer) thus replenishing most of the protons removed. endstream
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- Major buffer in blood (pH 7.4) and other extracellular fluids is the carbonic acid/bicarbonate pair (See Clinical Notes, p. 43) - The pH of blood (7.4) is at the upper limit of the buffering capability of this system. 0000038207 00000 n
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Seems ill-suited and inefficient as many metabolic processes generate acids. h�b```b``������z�A��b�,+֟c8������6;���;��p�N�1���Iy�V���CF�\Ya�J��^���j�� �P^ "YC#:::�B@�d&%ec n�b[~�GOXT��l�9iè�����/@p���J�l�{��g&�8�����ا��x! 0000081708 00000 n
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the erythrocytes, the two buffer systems consist of hemoglobin/oxyhemoglobin and acid/alkali potassium salts of phosphoric acid. trailer
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the body: chemical buffer system (Bicarbonate buffer system, phosphate buffer, and protein buffer system) act rapidly and are the first line of defense against pH shift. @� �,1
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This is also found in plasma and erythrocyte but accounts only 5% of non bicarbonate buffer system in plasma. 0000000016 00000 n
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If this bicarbonate were not fully reabsorbed by the tubular system, there would be ongoing losses of essential buffer into the urine, resulting in progressive acidifi-cation of the body fluids as metabolic acid production continued. ��H�X�!D73)ŤL�~��Ӻ��d�-
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